INTRODUCTION
Fluid mechanics is the branch of physics that studies the behavior of fluids (liquids and gases) and their interactions with other fluids and surfaces. It involves understanding various properties, such as: Pressure, Velocity, Density, Viscosity. It’s a fundamental field that helps us understand and predict fluid behavior in various natural and engineered systems. Understanding the behavior of fluids is crucial for a wide range of applications, including engineering, meteorology, medicine, and environmental science.
Fluid mechanics, a subcategory of mechanics, studies the behavior of fluids at rest (fluid statics) or in motion (fluid dynamics) and the interaction of fluids with solids or other fluids at their boundaries. Fluid mechanics is often referred to as fluid dynamics, considering fluids at rest as a special case of motion
with zero velocity.
What is Fluid?
A fluid is a substance that continuously flows under an external force, regardless of the magnitude of the force. They are characterized by their ability to flow and conform to the shape of their containers. The molecules within a fluid are free to move past one another, allowing for this fluidity and the transmission of pressure in all directions. This unique property of fluids makes them essential in numerous natural and engineered systems, from the flow of water in rivers to the circulation of air in the atmosphere and the operation of hydraulic machines.
Properties Of Fluids
Viscosity: Viscosity is a measure of a fluid’s resistance to deformation and flow. It quantifies the internal friction between layers of a fluid as they move relative to each other. A fluid with high viscosity, such as honey, flows slowly and resists motion, while a fluid with low viscosity, like water, flows easily and quickly.